barisan dan deret (aritmetika dan geometri)

Barisan
BARISAN adalah urut-urutan bilangan dengan aturan tertentu.
Suku-suku suatu barisan adalah nilai-nilai dari suatu fungsi yang daerah definisinya himpunan bilangan asli (n = natural = asli)

Contoh:

1. Un = 2n - 1
adalah suku ke-n dari suatu barisan, dimana n Î N = {1,2,3,.....}
Barisan itu adalah : 1,3,5,7,....

2. Diketahui barisan 1/3 , 1/6 , 1/9
Rumus suku ke-n barisan ini adalah Un = 1/3n

Barisan dan Deret Aritmatika
# BARISAN ARITMATIKA

Kinds of the text

1. Recounts

1.1. Purpose To tell the readers what happened in the past through a sequence of events.

1.2. Text organization Personal Recounts:

- Orientation (who were involved in the story, when, and where)

- Events (tell what happened in a chronological order)

- Evaluation (comments of writer/speaker about the experience)

- Re-orientation (The conclusion of the experience)
Factual Recounts:
- Orientation (who were involved in the story, when, and where)
- Events (tell what happened in a chronological order)

1.3. Language features - The use of nouns and pronouns
- The use of action verbs
- The use of past tenses
- The use of time conjunction
- The use of adverbs and adverbs of phrases
- Adjectives

My Adventure at Leang-Leang Cave

On Sunday, my parents, my best fruend Novi, and I visited a cave at Maros called Leang-leang . It was my first time to visit the cave, better yet, my best friend came to visit it with me!
The cave was famous for its primitive cave wall paintings which were some hand prints and wild boar paintings. The cave and its surroundings was turned into a national park, so it was taken care of. My parents took a rest in a small hut for visitors of the park, while Novi and I adventured around the cave with a guide. We had to climb some metal stairs to get to the cave, because the cave was embedded into a small mountain. Next stop was a place where some seashells littered the ground and some were actually piled into a big mound! The guide said that these piles of seashells are called kjokkenmoddinger, or kitchen trash. The humans who lived here ate the shells and dumped the left overs in their 'kitchen'. The last place was a small museum where they have skeletons of the humans who lived in the caves. The skeletons along with some roughly made jewelry and weapons were placed inside glass cases for display. The walls of the museum were adorned with photographs taken when they did an excavation there.
After a quick lunch with Novi and my parents, we decided it was time to go back home. We really had the time of our lives!



2. Narratives

Expressing

1. Expressing a promise

- Asking for a promise

- Make me a promise, won’t you?

- Is that a promise?

- Do you give me on word on that?

- offering a promise

- I promise to love you endlessly.

- It’s a promise.

- You have my word on it.

2. Expressing wonder (curiosity)

- Asking about thoughts/feelings

- Are you OK?

- Want to talk about it?

- How do you feel about it?

- Expressing wonder

- I wonder who he is.

- I wonder at her rudeness.

- I was just wondering how to do it.

3. Expressing a possibility

- Asking about possibility

- Is there any chance they will meet and marry?

- What will probably happen to the main character?

- Is there any possibility of selling everything today?

- Stating possibility

- Maybe.

- Perhaps.

- It’s very likely.

4. Expressing wishes

- Giving general wishes

- Good luck.

- I wish you luck.

- Best of luck.

- Responding to general wishes

- Thanks.

- Thank you.

- Many thanks.

5. Complaining and giving an order

- expressing complaint

- Something must be done.

- What can you do about these rooms?

- I’m sorry to say this, but this room is very dirty.

- Giving an order

- Be quiet!

- Stop it, I tell you!

- Will you hurry up!

6. Giving suggestions

- Asking for suggestions

- Do you think I ought to call the police?

- What do you think I should buy her for her birthday?

- Do you have any advice for me?

- offering suggestions

- I think you’d better start looking a new job.

- If I were you, I’d stop writing her.

- Try ignoring her for awhile.

7. Expressing attitudes about something

- Expressing likes

- I like people who are sociable.

- I enjoy someone is funny.

- I really like an honest person.

- Expressing dislike

- I hate it when people chew gum while they are talking.

- I can’t stand it when people blow smoke in my face.

- I hate people who always late.

8. Expressing confessing and blaming

- Confessing

- I admit I was wrong.

- It was my own fault.

- I was the one to blame.

- Blaming

- It was your own fault.

- Its serves you right.

- It’s not use crying over split milk.

9. Expressing a plan

- asking about plans

- What is your plan?

- What do you intend to do?

- What are you planning to do?

- hiding plans

- You’ll see later.

- I can’t tell you now.

- I can’t make up my mind.

- Stating plans

- My plan is …….

- I’m going to …….

- I intend to …….

10. Preventing someone from doing something

- Ways to say a prevention

- I wouldn’t do that …… if I were you.

- It’s not a good idea.

- I wouldn’t take the risk if I were in your position.

- Ways to response a prevention

- I’ll consider that.

- I’ll think about that.

- I’ll think it over

11. Showing how you feel

- asking someone’s point of view

- What do you think about TV shows?

- What is you reaction to ……..?

- What would you say to …....?

- Expressing point of view

- Personal I believe …...

- In my view, …...

- It seems to me …...

- Expressing pleased

- Great!

- Super!

- Fantastic!

- Expressing displeased

- I’m afraid …….

- How boring!

- How infuriating!

Jenis-jenis text dalam Bahasa Inggris

1.            NARRATIVE
            Purpose: To amuse/entertain the readers and to tell a story

Generic Structure:
1. Orientation
2. Complication
3. Resolution
4. Reorientation

Dominant Language Features:
1. Using Past Tense
2. Using action verb
3. Chronologically arranged

2.            RECOUNT
            Purpose: to retell something that happened in the past and to tell a series of past event.

Generic Structure:
1. Orientation
2. Event(s)
3. Reorientation

Dominant Language Features:
1. Using Past Tense
2. Using action verb
3. Using adjectives

Narrative and recount in some ways are similar. Both are telling something in the past so narrative and recount usually apply PAST TENSE; whether Simple Past Tense, Simple Past Continuous Tense, or Past Perfect Tense. The ways narrative and recount told are in chronological order using time or place. Commonly narrative text is found in story book; myth, fable, folklore, etc while recount text is found in biography.

The thing that makes narrative and recount different is the structure in which they are constructed. Narrative uses conflicts among the participants whether natural conflict, social conflict or psychological conflict. In some ways narrative text combines all these conflicts. In the contrary, we do not find these conflicts inside recount text. Recount applies series of event as the basic structure

3.            DESCRIPTIVE